Over the decades, new technologies have permeated almost all areas of our daily lives, so it is not surprising that computational thinking in the classroom has become a core competence in education. At Meres International School, this trend is clearly reflected in the pedagogical approach, which aims to prepare students for the challenges of an increasingly digitalized world.

Computational thinking is a fundamental tool for the development of critical skills such as problem solving, creativity and thinking. It is also used to foster a collaborative approach and to improve the ability of students to face the different challenges posed by today’s digitised world.

But how can it be applied in the classroom? In this article, we explain in detail what computational thinking is, taking a closer look at its characteristics, its advantages and disadvantages, and what activities can be developed within the academic environment.

What is computational thinking in education?

Computational thinking is a set of skills that allow complex problems to be tackled logically and systematically, using the principles of computer science.

However, it is not limited to the field of programming. What it is really about is breaking down a problem into smaller parts, identifying patterns, abstracting relevant information and designing solutions. It can therefore be extended to any activity that requires a structured and logical approach to problem solving.

A concept that has been gaining momentum over the last few years within the educational field, especially in primary education in Asturias, where the aim is to integrate computational thinking into the school curriculum. At Meres School, we understand that the future of our students depends not only on their ability to handle technology, but also on their ability to think critically.

By integrating computational thinking into the classroom, teachers seek to create an environment in which students feel comfortable solving problems and exploring innovative solutions.

How computational thinking works

Computational thinking is based on a number of key components that lead to a deeper and more effective understanding of problems, enabling students to deal with both technical challenges and everyday situations in their daily lives.

  1. First, there is decomposition which involves breaking down a large problem into smaller, more manageable parts with the objective of making it easier to analyse and solve the problem.
  2. Secondly, pattern identification which involves observing and identifying similarities in situations that can be approached in a similar way. This is a fundamental step, as the solution can often come from an approach we have used in the past.
  3. Thirdly, abstraction which enables students to focus on the most important information and leave out unnecessary details.
  4. Finally, creating algorithms which involves developing a logical sequence of certain steps to solve a specific problem.

Characteristics of computational thinking in the classroom

In order to implement computational thinking in the classroom, it is very important to know what the defining characteristics of computational thinking are:

  • Collaborative approach: students work together to solve problems. This not only fosters the development of interpersonal skills, but also enriches the learning process as students can share different perspectives and approaches.
  • Technological tools: technology can be a powerful weapon in teaching computational thinking. For example, software, simulation platforms and gamification can make the learning process more engaging and motivating for learners.
  • Project-based learning: students can apply what they learn in a real context which not only reinforces the skills acquired, but also offers a richer and more diverse assessment of each student’s progress.

Benefits of computational thinking

The most prominent of the benefits of computational thinking in the classroom is the development of problem-solving skills. As students practice decomposition and pattern identification, they become more proficient at solving more complex problems, both in academia and in everyday life.

Computational thinking also promotes creativity. By encouraging students to go a step further and explore different solutions, it opens up a world of possibilities which is especially relevant in disciplines such as science and engineering.

Another important benefit is preparation for the future. In the job market, computational thinking skills are now increasingly valued, as many professions require a high level of competence in data analysis and technology. By equipping students with these skills, we are therefore placing them in a more favourable position for their future careers.

Disadvantages of computational thinking

It should be mentioned, however, that implementing computational thinking in the classroom is not without its challenges.

One of the main obstacles is the lack of teacher training. Since not all educators need to be familiar with the principles of this methodology, it can be difficult to integrate it.

In addition, there is a risk that the focus on computational thinking may lead to curriculum overload. Given the amount of content that students already have to learn, the incorporation of new methodologies may be seen as an additional burden. It is therefore very important that teachers know how to strike the right balance for effective learning.

Finally, it should be taken into account that not all students learn at the same pace. For some, this approach may be less intuitive than other teaching methods which could lead to a lack of engagement.

Activities related to computational thinking

Integrating computational thinking activities in the classroom can be both enriching and fun. Here are some examples that can help you do this:

Basic programming

Introducing students to programming concepts through educational platforms such as Scratch or Code.org helps them learn through creating their own projects.

Logic games

Puzzles and logic games are a fantastic tool for developing critical thinking skills. Activities such as Sudoku or strategy games such as chess are very useful for stimulating logical thinking.

Interdisciplinary projects

Creating projects that integrate computational thinking with other subjects, such as science or mathematics, can also be very interesting. For example, a bridge building project using the engineering principles and simulation programming learned in class.

In summary, computational thinking in the classroom provides an innovative and relevant approach to prepare students for the challenges of the 21st century, allowing them to develop essential skills for the future. However, it should not be forgotten that to ensure truly meaningful learning, it is very important that the academic process is always adapted to the needs of the individual student.